Not to be confused with a popular media franchise, a matrix organization refers to a complex corporate structure that exists at a company wherein an employee reports to more than one manager at a time. Rather than following a conventional linear hierarchy, at a matrix organization reporting will likely occur through one or a series of nebulous groups.

Companies that are more likely to employ a matrix organization are those working as startups, especially in the technology sector, or also those requiring a high degree of security where a cell-based structure helps defend information from hackers and data loss. Due to its complex structure, good communication skills are a must at such enterprises.